Gli effetti delle politiche sul cambiamento climatico sull’ambiente, sull’economia e sulla distribuzione del reddito

Abstract

This research project is aimed at deepening our understanding of the environmental, economic and distributional effects of climate change policies (CCPs). Using different econometric techniques and levels of analysis, it shows that the implementation of strict CCPs significantly reduces emissions in the medium term, and facilitate the adoption of green technologies. However, this may come at (short-term) economic and distributional costs. In fact, CCPs increase inequality and negatively impact on the economic activity (GDP growth and employment). These results change depending on the type of policy implemented—e.g., carbon
pricing instruments being more efficient to reduce emissions, but more costly in terms of economic impact—and the specific characteristics of the economy. Moreover, it shows that specific complementary policies may mitigate the economic costs of CCPs.